[Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on insulin sensitivity and diabetes markers in type 2 diabetic patients]

Some cell culture and animal studies have reported that Conjugated Linoleic Acids [CLAs] have several health related benefits. CLAs have been shown to have antiadipogenic, antiatherogenic, antidiabetogenic and anti-inflammatory properties. While increase in insulin resistance with 10-trans, 12-cis isomer of CLA was reported in some animal studies, there are controversial results about a 50:50 isomer mixture. The object of the present study was to determine the effect of CLAs supplementation [providing equal proportions of c9, t11 and t10, c12 - CLA] on plasma glucose, insulin, proinsulin, C-peptide, insulin sensitivity, insulin resistance, beta cell function and HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study was performed as an 8-week randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel intervention. Participants were 39 [19 men and 20 women] type 2 diabetic subjects [35 to 50 Y, BMI >25 and <30], stratified according to sex, age and BMI into two groups. Group one were given 3.0 g CLA/d [3x1 g capsules, a 50:50 isomer blend of c9, t11 and t10, c12 CLA] and, group 2 took CLA placebos [soy bean oil] for 8 weeks. Blood sample collection after fasting and 2 hours after a standard breakfast, was done before and after the intervention in order to determine insulin, glucose, pre insulin, c-peptide and HbA1c levels. No significant differences were seen in fasting and postprandial glucose, insulin, proinsulin, C- peptide and HbA1c levels between groups or in insulin resistance, insulin sensitivity, beta cell function and beta cell responsiveness. CLA supplementation has no effects on diabetes glucose level and insulin function and its prescription is not recommended

Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on serum Apo B and MDA in type II diabetic patients

Some animal studies have suggested that Conjugated Linoleic acid [CLA] supplementation may have therapeutic potential with respect to lipid metabolism, considered to be the most important cardiovascular disease [CVD] related risk factor, associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus [T2DM]. However, results from human studies on risk markers of diabetes are ambiguous. This study was carried out to determine the effect of CLA supplementation [as 50:50 proportions of c9, t11 and t10, c12 CLA isomers] on serum lipid profiles, MDA, apo-B100, systolic and diastolic blood pressures in patients with T2DM. The study was a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel intervention. Participants were 39 T2DM patients [35 to 50 y, 30>BMI >25] stratified, according to sex, age and BMI into two groups. The intervention group took 3.0 g CLA/d [3x1 g, capsules], a 50:50 isomer blend of c9, t11 and t10, c12 CLA] while the control group took soy bean oil as CLA placebo for 8 weeks. Blood pressure, serum lipid profile, MDA, and Apo B were measured at baseline and at the end of the intervention. There were no significant differences in serum triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, apo-B100 and MDA between the two groups after week 8; nor were any significant differences observed in systolic and diastolic blood pressure between the two groups after intervention. Results of this study suggest that short term CLA supplementation [3g/d] may not improve lipid profiles, apo-B100 and MDA concentrations in T2DM patients

Comparison of the effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation with and without vitamin E in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

To test the hypothesis that an n-3 fatty acids [n-3] plus vitamin E supplementation is more effective than n-3 supplementation alone in improving the clinical, laboratory and inflammatory indices in patients with rheumatoid arthritis [RA]. A total of 55 RA patients [50 female, 5 male; mean age = 47 +/- 11y], in 3 groups, were included a double-blind randomized clinical trial. The groups were assigned to treatments as follows: group 1 [G1], placebo [2 g/d MCT oil + vitamin E placebo]; group 2 [G2], n-3 fatty acids [1/2 g/d EPA/DHA] +vitamin E placebo; group 3 [G3], n-3 fatty acids [1/2 g/d EPA/DHA] + vitamin E [100 IU/d]. Clinical, inflammatory, and laboratory indicators were determined at the baseline and at the end of the 6the and 12th weeks. Intra- and inter-group comparisons of the values obtained were made using repeated measure-ANOVA and ANOVA, respectively [p<0.05]. In G2 and G3, improvements in clinical, biochemical, inflammation, and oxidative indicators, as well as in the score of health status assessment [by interview] were more pronounced than in G1 [P<0.01]. Also, compared to G1, at the end of week 12 there were higher improvements in morning stiffness and the score of health status assessment in G2 and G3 groups [P<0.05]. Combination of n-3 fatty acids with vitamin E improved most of the clinical and laboratory indices in RA patients. However, there were no significant differences between G2 and G3 other than decreased oxidation and ESR